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(A Microbiology Tutorial)
by, Thomas M. Grier
(An excerpt from the Lyme Disease Survival Manual 2000)
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Conclusion:
Lyme is an extremely complex disease that can cause long term chronic
infections. Patients can be seronegative yet culture positive (even after
aggressive antibiotic therapy). The infection enters the brain early in
the infection (within days). The sequestered bacteria within the CNS can
be so different from the initial infection that serum antibodies are ineffective.
Incomplete antibiotic treatment of Lyme Encephalitis can harm the patient.
For a historical account of where the medical community got off on the wrong foot with the truth about Lyme disease, and why they continue to support the fallacies, read the history of Lyme Disease in the Lyme Disease Survival Manual, by Tom Grier.
Tom Grier
Duluth, MN,
USA
References for The Complexities of Lyme Disease
1- Burgdorfer W. First decade of Lyme Borreliosis. Infection, July/August 1991;19(4)
2- Cimmino MA, Azzolini A, Tobia F, Pesce CM. Spirochetes in the spleen of a patient with chronic Lyme disease. American J Clin Pathol 1989;91(1):95-97
3- Goellner MH, Agger WA, Burgess JH, Durray PH. Hepatitis due to recurrent Lyme Disease. Ann Intern Med 1988;108:707-708
4- Schmidli J, Hunzicker T, Moesli P, et al, Cultivation of Bb from joint fluid three months after treatment of facial palsy due to Lyme Borreliosis. J Infect Dis 1988;158:905-906
5- Chancellor MB, McGinnis DE, Shenot PJ, et al. Urinary dysfunction in Lyme disease. Journal of Urology, 1993;149(1):26-30
6- Liegner KB, Shapiro JR, Ramsey D, Halperin AJ, Hogrefe W, and Kong L. Recurrent erythema migrans despite extended antibiotic treatment with minocycline in a patient with persisting Borrelia burgdorferi infection. J. American Acad Dermatol. 1993;28:312-314
7- Ma Y, Sturrock A, Weiss JJ. Intracellular localization of Borrelia burgdorferi within human endothelial cells. Infect Immunol 1991;59:671-8
8- Bergloff J, Gasser R, Feigl B. Ophthalmic Manifestations in Lyme Borreliosis. J Clin Neuro-ophthalmology 1994;;14(1):15-20
9- Goodman JL, Sonnesyn SW, Holmer S, Kubo S, Johnson RC.: Seroprevelence of Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with severe heart failure, evaluated for cardiac transplantation at the University of MN. Abstract # 49, presented at the Fifth International Symposia on Scientific Research on Lyme Borreliosis, Arlington, VA, 1992 *
10- Marcus LC, Steere AC, Durray PH, Anderson AE, Mahoney EB. Fatal Pancarditis in a Patient with Coexistent Lyme Disease and Babesiosis. Annals of Internal Med 1985:103:374-376
11- McAlister HF, Lementowicz PT, Andrews C Fisher JD, Feld M, Furman S.
Lyme Carditis: an important cause of heart block. Ann Intern Med 1989:110:339-45
12- Karma A, Seppala I, Mikkila H, et al. Diagnosis and Clinical Characteristics of Ocular Lyme Borreliosis. American J Ophthalmology 1995;119:127-135
13- Preac-Music V, Pfister HW, Spiegel H, et al. First isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from an iris biopsy. J Clin Neuro-ophthalmology 1993;13:155-161
14- Steere AC, Durray PH, Danny JH et al. Unilateral Blindness Caused by Infection with the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Annals of Internal Med, 1986;103:382-384
15- Suttorp-Schulten MS, Luyendijk L, VanDam AP, et al. Birdshot chorioretinopathy and Lyme Borreliosis. Amer J Ophthalmol 1993;115(2):149-53
16- Winward KE, Lawson-Smith J, et al. Ocular Lyme Borreliosis. American Journal of Ophthalmology 1989;108:651-657
17- Winterkorn, Jaqueline. Lyme Disease: Neurologic and Ophthalmic Manifestations. Survey of Ophthalmology 1990;35(3):191-203
18- DeKoning J, Hoogkamp-Korstanje JAA, van der linde MR, Crjins HJGM.
Demonstration of spirochetes in cardiac biopsies of patients with Lyme disease. J Infect Dis 1989;160:150-153
19- Gasser R, Dusleag J, Beisinger E, et al. Reversal by ceftriaxone of dilated cardiomyopathy caused by Borrelia burgdorferi infection. [Letter/Comments] Lancet, August 1, 1992;340(8814):317-18, From Lancet May 9, 1992;339(8802):1174-5
20-MacDonald AB, Benach JL, Burgdorfer W. Stillbirth Following Maternal Lyme Disease. New York State Journal of Med 1987
21-Futrell N, Schultz LR, Milikan C. Central nervous system disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Neurology 1992;42:1649-1657
22-Georgilis K, Peacocke M, and Klempner MS. Fibroblasts protect the Lyme Disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi from ceftriaxone in vitro. J. Infect Dis 1992;166:440-444
23-Hardin JA, Steere AC, Malawista SE. Immune complexes and the evolution of Lyme Arthritis: Dissemination and localization of abnormal Clq binding activity. New Eng J Med 1979;301:1358-1363
24-Jaulhac B, Chary-Valckenaere I, et al. Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi by DNA amplification in synovial tissue from samples from patients with Lyme arthritis. Arthritis and Rheum, May 1996;39(5):736-745
25- Coyle PK, Deng Z, Schutzer SE, Belman AL, Benach J, Krupp LB, Luft B. Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in cerebrospinal fluid. Neurology, June 1993;43(6):1093-8
27- Fallon, Brian A., Nields JA, Burrascano JJ et al. The Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Lyme Borreliosis. Psychiatric Quarterly 1992;63(1):41-63
28- Garcia-Monco JC, Coleman JL. Antibodies to Myelin Basic Protein in Lyme disease. J Infect Dis (Letter) September 1988;158(3):667
29- Garcia-Monco JC, Fernandez-Villar B, Benach JL. Adherence of the Lyme Disease Spirochete to the Glial Cells. J Infect Dis 1989;160(3):497-506
30- Garcia-Monco JC, Fernandez-Villar B, Alen JC, Benach JL. Borrelia burgdorferi in the CNS: experimental and clinical evidence for early invasion. J Infect Dis 1990;161:1187-1193
page - one - two - three - four - five - six - seven - eight - nine - ten -
For a historical account of where the medical community got off on the wrong foot with the truth about Lyme disease, and why they continue to support the fallacies, read the history of Lyme Disease in the Lyme Disease Survival Manual, by Tom Grier.
Tom Grier
Duluth, MN,
USA
References for The Complexities of Lyme Disease
1- Burgdorfer W. First decade of Lyme Borreliosis. Infection, July/August 1991;19(4)
2- Cimmino MA, Azzolini A, Tobia F, Pesce CM. Spirochetes in the spleen of a patient with chronic Lyme disease. American J Clin Pathol 1989;91(1):95-97
3- Goellner MH, Agger WA, Burgess JH, Durray PH. Hepatitis due to recurrent Lyme Disease. Ann Intern Med 1988;108:707-708
4- Schmidli J, Hunzicker T, Moesli P, et al, Cultivation of Bb from joint fluid three months after treatment of facial palsy due to Lyme Borreliosis. J Infect Dis 1988;158:905-906
5- Chancellor MB, McGinnis DE, Shenot PJ, et al. Urinary dysfunction in Lyme disease. Journal of Urology, 1993;149(1):26-30
6- Liegner KB, Shapiro JR, Ramsey D, Halperin AJ, Hogrefe W, and Kong L. Recurrent erythema migrans despite extended antibiotic treatment with minocycline in a patient with persisting Borrelia burgdorferi infection. J. American Acad Dermatol. 1993;28:312-314
7- Ma Y, Sturrock A, Weiss JJ. Intracellular localization of Borrelia burgdorferi within human endothelial cells. Infect Immunol 1991;59:671-8
8- Bergloff J, Gasser R, Feigl B. Ophthalmic Manifestations in Lyme Borreliosis. J Clin Neuro-ophthalmology 1994;;14(1):15-20
9- Goodman JL, Sonnesyn SW, Holmer S, Kubo S, Johnson RC.: Seroprevelence of Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with severe heart failure, evaluated for cardiac transplantation at the University of MN. Abstract # 49, presented at the Fifth International Symposia on Scientific Research on Lyme Borreliosis, Arlington, VA, 1992 *
10- Marcus LC, Steere AC, Durray PH, Anderson AE, Mahoney EB. Fatal Pancarditis in a Patient with Coexistent Lyme Disease and Babesiosis. Annals of Internal Med 1985:103:374-376
11- McAlister HF, Lementowicz PT, Andrews C Fisher JD, Feld M, Furman S.
Lyme Carditis: an important cause of heart block. Ann Intern Med 1989:110:339-45
12- Karma A, Seppala I, Mikkila H, et al. Diagnosis and Clinical Characteristics of Ocular Lyme Borreliosis. American J Ophthalmology 1995;119:127-135
13- Preac-Music V, Pfister HW, Spiegel H, et al. First isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from an iris biopsy. J Clin Neuro-ophthalmology 1993;13:155-161
14- Steere AC, Durray PH, Danny JH et al. Unilateral Blindness Caused by Infection with the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Annals of Internal Med, 1986;103:382-384
15- Suttorp-Schulten MS, Luyendijk L, VanDam AP, et al. Birdshot chorioretinopathy and Lyme Borreliosis. Amer J Ophthalmol 1993;115(2):149-53
16- Winward KE, Lawson-Smith J, et al. Ocular Lyme Borreliosis. American Journal of Ophthalmology 1989;108:651-657
17- Winterkorn, Jaqueline. Lyme Disease: Neurologic and Ophthalmic Manifestations. Survey of Ophthalmology 1990;35(3):191-203
18- DeKoning J, Hoogkamp-Korstanje JAA, van der linde MR, Crjins HJGM.
Demonstration of spirochetes in cardiac biopsies of patients with Lyme disease. J Infect Dis 1989;160:150-153
19- Gasser R, Dusleag J, Beisinger E, et al. Reversal by ceftriaxone of dilated cardiomyopathy caused by Borrelia burgdorferi infection. [Letter/Comments] Lancet, August 1, 1992;340(8814):317-18, From Lancet May 9, 1992;339(8802):1174-5
20-MacDonald AB, Benach JL, Burgdorfer W. Stillbirth Following Maternal Lyme Disease. New York State Journal of Med 1987
21-Futrell N, Schultz LR, Milikan C. Central nervous system disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Neurology 1992;42:1649-1657
22-Georgilis K, Peacocke M, and Klempner MS. Fibroblasts protect the Lyme Disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi from ceftriaxone in vitro. J. Infect Dis 1992;166:440-444
23-Hardin JA, Steere AC, Malawista SE. Immune complexes and the evolution of Lyme Arthritis: Dissemination and localization of abnormal Clq binding activity. New Eng J Med 1979;301:1358-1363
24-Jaulhac B, Chary-Valckenaere I, et al. Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi by DNA amplification in synovial tissue from samples from patients with Lyme arthritis. Arthritis and Rheum, May 1996;39(5):736-745
25- Coyle PK, Deng Z, Schutzer SE, Belman AL, Benach J, Krupp LB, Luft B. Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in cerebrospinal fluid. Neurology, June 1993;43(6):1093-8
27- Fallon, Brian A., Nields JA, Burrascano JJ et al. The Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Lyme Borreliosis. Psychiatric Quarterly 1992;63(1):41-63
28- Garcia-Monco JC, Coleman JL. Antibodies to Myelin Basic Protein in Lyme disease. J Infect Dis (Letter) September 1988;158(3):667
29- Garcia-Monco JC, Fernandez-Villar B, Benach JL. Adherence of the Lyme Disease Spirochete to the Glial Cells. J Infect Dis 1989;160(3):497-506
30- Garcia-Monco JC, Fernandez-Villar B, Alen JC, Benach JL. Borrelia burgdorferi in the CNS: experimental and clinical evidence for early invasion. J Infect Dis 1990;161:1187-1193
page - one - two - three - four - five - six - seven - eight - nine - ten -
Ticks carry more than just
Lyme disease! Including:
0 -Ehrlichia;
o -Bartonella;
0 -Babesia;
o -Q- Fever;
0 -Tularemia;
o -Tick-borne Encephalitis;
0 -Mycoplasma;
o -Relapsing Fever;
0 -Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and others.
Never WAIT and SEE about a tick bite, please! Quickly and properly treated infections are less likely to progress to later stage or chronic disease.
Sometimes tick bites are
mistaken for spider bites!
Some diseases may be spread by animal bites or scratches and from mosquitoes, fleas or lice.
There is still so much to learn about Lyme disease and related infections.
Sometimes Lyme disease and related infectious diseases are undiagnosed for years, even decades!
Watch closely for symptoms after tick bites. Some never see a tick or a bulls-eye rash.
Don't ignore tick-borne disease symptoms!
If you feel sick, ask a doctor!
SYMPTOMS may include:
0 -Tick bites;
o -Fever; Flu symptoms;
0 -All kinds of Rashes;
o -Muscle; Joint; Neck Pain;
0 -Body Aches; Weakness
o -Light /Sound Sensitivity;
0 -Bells Palsy; Nerve pain;
o -Insomnia; Poor memory
0 -Headaches; Numbness;
o -Mood disorders; Confusion;
0 -Extreme Fatigue; Exhaustion
Never let tick-borne diseases progress!
Lyme and associated diseases are often MISTAKEN FOR OTHER ILLNESSES, Including:
0 -Chronic Fatigue;
o -Fibromyalgia;
0 -Hypochondria;
o -Multiple Sclerosis;
0 -Lupus;
o -Rheumatoid Arthritis;
0 -Lou Gehrig's disease (ALS);
o -Alzheimer's and
0 -Parkinson's disease
******************
Don't be fooled about ticks and their diseases.
******************
Directly affecting humankind, worldwide:
W H A T H A P P E N E D
when the U.S. Senate addressed the Centers for Disease Control regarding Lyme disease?
Consult a good doctor!
Visit ILADS, LDF, LymeNet or LDA to find a specialist in your location.
Protect your children and your family.
Learn about ticks and their many diseases.
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TICK
BYTES:
Tick-borne diseases are spreading rapidly
in many countries across the world including,
UK, Scandinavia, Hungary, Scotland, USA,
France, Germany, China, and Australia.
There is NO 100% accurate Lyme disease
TEST available to detect infection or cure.
Ticks can be found in and around
leaf litter; grass; logs; animal fur;
bird feeders; and deer, mice, squirrel,
and other small animal habitats.
Tick-borne diseases are spreading rapidly
in many countries across the world including,
UK, Scandinavia, Hungary, Scotland, USA,
France, Germany, China, and Australia.
There is NO 100% accurate Lyme disease
TEST available to detect infection or cure.
Ticks can be found in and around
leaf litter; grass; logs; animal fur;
bird feeders; and deer, mice, squirrel,
and other small animal habitats.
How
to Properly Remove A Tick
Never let tick-borne
infections progress !
Tick-borne diseases can
affect any body part,
organ, and any system
of the body.
Lyme disease and Syphilis are both caused by a type of bacteria called a spirochete.
Tick-borne diseases can KILL!
Ticks travel on mice!
ALWAYS Get Ticks Tested!
Never let tick-borne
infections progress !
Tick-borne diseases can
affect any body part,
organ, and any system
of the body.
Lyme disease and Syphilis are both caused by a type of bacteria called a spirochete.
Tick-borne diseases can KILL!
Ticks travel on mice!
ALWAYS Get Ticks Tested!
Lyme Disease Foundation
Lyme
rashes have been
mistaken for ring worm!
mistaken for ring worm!
Ticks
travel on birds!
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