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31-
Halperin JJ, Heyes MP. Neuroactive kynurenines in Lyme borreliosis. Neurology
1992;42:43-50
32- Halperin JJ, Volkman DJ, Wu P. Central Nervous system abnormalities in Lyme neuroborreliosis. Neurology 1991;41:1571-1582
33- Heyes, MP, Saito K, Major EO et al. A mechanism of Quinolinic acid formation by the brain in inflammatory neurological disease: attenuation of synthesis from L-tryptophan by 6-chlorotrptophan and 4-chloro-3-hydroxyanthrinilate. Brain 1993;116:1425-1450
34- Heyes MP, Saito K, Crowley JS et al. Quinolinic acid and kynurenine pathway metabolism in inflammatory and non-inflammatory neurological disease. Brain 1992;115:1249-1273
35- Lukehart SA, Marra C. A comparison of Syphilis and Lyme Disease: Central Nervous System Involvement. Lyme Disease-Molecular and Immunologic Approaches. Edited by Steve Schutzer MD, Cold Spring Harbor Press 1992
36- Liegner Kenneth. Global Cerebral Atrophy in Lyme Borreliosis. Abstract 55B Arlington Virginia International Lyme Disease Symposia *
37- Schmutzhard E, Pohl P, Stanek G. Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in patients with relapsing/remitting form and chronic progressive form of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psych 1988;51:1215-1218
38- Sigal LH. Cross-reactivity between Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin and a human axonal 64,00 molecular weight protein. J Infect Dis 1993;167:1372-8
39- Sigal LH, Stein S, Williams S et al. Monoclonal antibody to B. burgdorferi (BB) flagellin (fig)Hp724: probe in studies of the immunopathogenisis of Lyme neurologic disease. Arthritis Rheum 1991;34:S164
40- Sigal LH, Tatum AH. Lyme Disease patient’s serum contains IgM antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi that cross react with neuronal antigens. Neurology 1988;
41- Tuomanen Elaine. Breaching the Blood Brain Barrier: Development of a therapy for meningitis has revealed how bacteria penetrate the Blood-brain barrier. Scientific American =February 1993 pp 80-85
42- Waniek C, Prohovnik I, Kaufman MA. Rapid progressive frontal type dementia and death with subcortical degeneration associated with Lyme disease. A case report/abstract/poster presentation. LDF State of the art conference with emphasis on neurological Lyme. April 1994, Stamford, CT*
43- Aberer E, Brunner C, Suchanek G, Klade H, Barbour A, Stanek G, Lassmann H. Molecular mimicry and Lyme Borreliosis a shared antigenic determinant between Borrelia burgdorferi and human tissue. Ann Neurol 1989;26:732-737
44- Dai ZZ, Lackland D, Stein S et al. Molecular mimicry in Lyme disease: Monoclonal antibody to H9724 to Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin specificity detects chaperonin-HSP60 Bichim Biophys Acta. 1993;1181:97-100 *
45- Durray Paul. Histopathology of Clinical Phases of Human Lyme Disease. Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America 1989;15(4):691-709
46- Garon CF, Dorward DW, Corwin MD. Structural features of Borrelia burgdorferi: The Lyme Disease spirochete: Silver staining for nucleic acids. Scanning Microscopy Supplement 3, 1989;109-115
47- Jauris-Heipke S, Liegl G, Preac-Mursic V, et al. Molecular Analysis of genes encoding outer surface protein C,(osp-C) of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato: Relationship to osp-A genotype and evidence of lateral gene exchange of osp-C. Journal of Clinical Microbiology July, 1995;33(7):1860-1866
48- Klempner MS, Noring R, Epstein MP, McCloud B, Hu R, Limentani SA, Rodgers RA. Subversion of the host fibrinolytic pathway for invasion by the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Abstract # 0002T, Fifth International Research Symposia on Lyme Borreliosis. Arlington, VA, 1992*
49- Lawrence C, Lipton RB, Lowy FD, and Coyle PK. Seronegative Chronic Relapsing Neuroborreliosis. European Neurology. 1995;35(2):113-117
50- Ma Y, Sturrock A, Weis JJ: Intracellular location of Borrelia burgdorferi within human endothelial cells. Infec Immun 1991;59:671-678
51- Mahmoud AAF. The challenge of intracellular pathogens (editorial) New Eng J Med 1992;326:761-762
52- MacDonald, Alan B. Gestational Lyme Borreliosis. Rheum Dis Clin North America 1989;15(4(:657-672
53- MacDonald, Alan B, Gestational Lyme Borreliosis and a Rationale for a Prospective study of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). 1989; Rheumatic Disease Clinic of North America 1989;15(4):657-677
54- Negussie Y, Remick DG, Deforge DE, Kunkel LE, Griffin GE. Detection of plasma tumor necrosis factor, interlikin 6, and 8 during the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction of relapsing fever. J Exp Med 1992;175:1207-1212
55- Schutzer SE, Coyle PK, Belman AL, Golightly MG, Drulle J. Sequestration of antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi in immune complexes in seronegative Lyme disease. Lancet 1990;335:312-315
56- Sigal LH, Williams S. Molecular mimicry in Lyme disease: Bb flagellin interferes with human axon protein HSP60, and human antibodies cross react with flagellin H9724 and interferes with neural cell differentiation, and may cause axonopathy. Abstract # P003T Fifth International Research Symposia on Lyme Borreliosis, Arlington, VA, 1992*
57- Weigelt W. et al. Sequence homology between spirochete flagellin and human myelin basic protein. [Letter] Immunology Today, July 1992;13(7):279-80
58- Young EJ, Weingarten NM, Baughn RE, Duncan WC. Studies on the pathogenesis of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction: development of an animal model, and evidence for a role of a classical endotoxin. J Infect Dis 1982: 146:606-615
59- Felsenfeld Oscar MS M.D. , Borrelia-strains, vectors, Human and Animal Diseases 1971 Warren Green Inc. 10 South Brentwood Blvd, St. Louis MO 63105 Library of Congress # 72-127355
page - one - two - three - four - five - six - seven - eight - nine - ten -
32- Halperin JJ, Volkman DJ, Wu P. Central Nervous system abnormalities in Lyme neuroborreliosis. Neurology 1991;41:1571-1582
33- Heyes, MP, Saito K, Major EO et al. A mechanism of Quinolinic acid formation by the brain in inflammatory neurological disease: attenuation of synthesis from L-tryptophan by 6-chlorotrptophan and 4-chloro-3-hydroxyanthrinilate. Brain 1993;116:1425-1450
34- Heyes MP, Saito K, Crowley JS et al. Quinolinic acid and kynurenine pathway metabolism in inflammatory and non-inflammatory neurological disease. Brain 1992;115:1249-1273
35- Lukehart SA, Marra C. A comparison of Syphilis and Lyme Disease: Central Nervous System Involvement. Lyme Disease-Molecular and Immunologic Approaches. Edited by Steve Schutzer MD, Cold Spring Harbor Press 1992
36- Liegner Kenneth. Global Cerebral Atrophy in Lyme Borreliosis. Abstract 55B Arlington Virginia International Lyme Disease Symposia *
37- Schmutzhard E, Pohl P, Stanek G. Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in patients with relapsing/remitting form and chronic progressive form of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psych 1988;51:1215-1218
38- Sigal LH. Cross-reactivity between Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin and a human axonal 64,00 molecular weight protein. J Infect Dis 1993;167:1372-8
39- Sigal LH, Stein S, Williams S et al. Monoclonal antibody to B. burgdorferi (BB) flagellin (fig)Hp724: probe in studies of the immunopathogenisis of Lyme neurologic disease. Arthritis Rheum 1991;34:S164
40- Sigal LH, Tatum AH. Lyme Disease patient’s serum contains IgM antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi that cross react with neuronal antigens. Neurology 1988;
41- Tuomanen Elaine. Breaching the Blood Brain Barrier: Development of a therapy for meningitis has revealed how bacteria penetrate the Blood-brain barrier. Scientific American =February 1993 pp 80-85
42- Waniek C, Prohovnik I, Kaufman MA. Rapid progressive frontal type dementia and death with subcortical degeneration associated with Lyme disease. A case report/abstract/poster presentation. LDF State of the art conference with emphasis on neurological Lyme. April 1994, Stamford, CT*
43- Aberer E, Brunner C, Suchanek G, Klade H, Barbour A, Stanek G, Lassmann H. Molecular mimicry and Lyme Borreliosis a shared antigenic determinant between Borrelia burgdorferi and human tissue. Ann Neurol 1989;26:732-737
44- Dai ZZ, Lackland D, Stein S et al. Molecular mimicry in Lyme disease: Monoclonal antibody to H9724 to Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin specificity detects chaperonin-HSP60 Bichim Biophys Acta. 1993;1181:97-100 *
45- Durray Paul. Histopathology of Clinical Phases of Human Lyme Disease. Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America 1989;15(4):691-709
46- Garon CF, Dorward DW, Corwin MD. Structural features of Borrelia burgdorferi: The Lyme Disease spirochete: Silver staining for nucleic acids. Scanning Microscopy Supplement 3, 1989;109-115
47- Jauris-Heipke S, Liegl G, Preac-Mursic V, et al. Molecular Analysis of genes encoding outer surface protein C,(osp-C) of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato: Relationship to osp-A genotype and evidence of lateral gene exchange of osp-C. Journal of Clinical Microbiology July, 1995;33(7):1860-1866
48- Klempner MS, Noring R, Epstein MP, McCloud B, Hu R, Limentani SA, Rodgers RA. Subversion of the host fibrinolytic pathway for invasion by the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Abstract # 0002T, Fifth International Research Symposia on Lyme Borreliosis. Arlington, VA, 1992*
49- Lawrence C, Lipton RB, Lowy FD, and Coyle PK. Seronegative Chronic Relapsing Neuroborreliosis. European Neurology. 1995;35(2):113-117
50- Ma Y, Sturrock A, Weis JJ: Intracellular location of Borrelia burgdorferi within human endothelial cells. Infec Immun 1991;59:671-678
51- Mahmoud AAF. The challenge of intracellular pathogens (editorial) New Eng J Med 1992;326:761-762
52- MacDonald, Alan B. Gestational Lyme Borreliosis. Rheum Dis Clin North America 1989;15(4(:657-672
53- MacDonald, Alan B, Gestational Lyme Borreliosis and a Rationale for a Prospective study of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). 1989; Rheumatic Disease Clinic of North America 1989;15(4):657-677
54- Negussie Y, Remick DG, Deforge DE, Kunkel LE, Griffin GE. Detection of plasma tumor necrosis factor, interlikin 6, and 8 during the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction of relapsing fever. J Exp Med 1992;175:1207-1212
55- Schutzer SE, Coyle PK, Belman AL, Golightly MG, Drulle J. Sequestration of antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi in immune complexes in seronegative Lyme disease. Lancet 1990;335:312-315
56- Sigal LH, Williams S. Molecular mimicry in Lyme disease: Bb flagellin interferes with human axon protein HSP60, and human antibodies cross react with flagellin H9724 and interferes with neural cell differentiation, and may cause axonopathy. Abstract # P003T Fifth International Research Symposia on Lyme Borreliosis, Arlington, VA, 1992*
57- Weigelt W. et al. Sequence homology between spirochete flagellin and human myelin basic protein. [Letter] Immunology Today, July 1992;13(7):279-80
58- Young EJ, Weingarten NM, Baughn RE, Duncan WC. Studies on the pathogenesis of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction: development of an animal model, and evidence for a role of a classical endotoxin. J Infect Dis 1982: 146:606-615
59- Felsenfeld Oscar MS M.D. , Borrelia-strains, vectors, Human and Animal Diseases 1971 Warren Green Inc. 10 South Brentwood Blvd, St. Louis MO 63105 Library of Congress # 72-127355
page - one - two - three - four - five - six - seven - eight - nine - ten -
Ticks carry more than just
Lyme disease! Including:
0 -Ehrlichia;
o -Bartonella;
0 -Babesia;
o -Q- Fever;
0 -Tularemia;
o -Tick-borne Encephalitis;
0 -Mycoplasma;
o -Relapsing Fever;
0 -Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and others.
Never WAIT and SEE about a tick bite, please! Quickly and properly treated infections are less likely to progress to later stage or chronic disease.
Sometimes tick bites are
mistaken for spider bites!
Some diseases may be spread by animal bites or scratches and from mosquitoes, fleas or lice.
There is still so much to learn about Lyme disease and related infections.
Sometimes Lyme disease and related infectious diseases are undiagnosed for years, even decades!
Watch closely for symptoms after tick bites. Some never see a tick or a bulls-eye rash.
Don't ignore tick-borne disease symptoms!
If you feel sick, ask a doctor!
SYMPTOMS may include:
0 -Tick bites;
o -Fever; Flu symptoms;
0 -All kinds of Rashes;
o -Muscle; Joint; Neck Pain;
0 -Body Aches; Weakness
o -Light /Sound Sensitivity;
0 -Bells Palsy; Nerve pain;
o -Insomnia; Poor memory
0 -Headaches; Numbness;
o -Mood disorders; Confusion;
0 -Extreme Fatigue; Exhaustion
Never let tick-borne diseases progress!
Lyme and associated diseases are often MISTAKEN FOR OTHER ILLNESSES, Including:
0 -Chronic Fatigue;
o -Fibromyalgia;
0 -Hypochondria;
o -Multiple Sclerosis;
0 -Lupus;
o -Rheumatoid Arthritis;
0 -Lou Gehrig's disease (ALS);
o -Alzheimer's and
0 -Parkinson's disease
******************
Don't be fooled about ticks and their diseases.
******************
Directly affecting humankind, worldwide:
W H A T H A P P E N E D
when the U.S. Senate addressed the Centers for Disease Control regarding Lyme disease?
Consult a good doctor!
Visit ILADS, LDF, LymeNet or LDA to find a specialist in your location.
Protect your children and your family.
Learn about ticks and their many diseases.
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TICK
BYTES:
Tick-borne diseases are spreading rapidly
in many countries across the world including,
UK, Scandinavia, Hungary, Scotland, USA,
France, Germany, China, and Australia.
There is NO 100% accurate Lyme disease
TEST available to detect infection or cure.
Ticks can be found in and around
leaf litter; grass; logs; animal fur;
bird feeders; and deer, mice, squirrel,
and other small animal habitats.
Tick-borne diseases are spreading rapidly
in many countries across the world including,
UK, Scandinavia, Hungary, Scotland, USA,
France, Germany, China, and Australia.
There is NO 100% accurate Lyme disease
TEST available to detect infection or cure.
Ticks can be found in and around
leaf litter; grass; logs; animal fur;
bird feeders; and deer, mice, squirrel,
and other small animal habitats.
How
to Properly Remove A Tick
Never let tick-borne
infections progress !
Tick-borne diseases can
affect any body part,
organ, and any system
of the body.
Lyme disease and Syphilis are both caused by a type of bacteria called a spirochete.
Tick-borne diseases can KILL!
Ticks travel on mice!
ALWAYS Get Ticks Tested!
Never let tick-borne
infections progress !
Tick-borne diseases can
affect any body part,
organ, and any system
of the body.
Lyme disease and Syphilis are both caused by a type of bacteria called a spirochete.
Tick-borne diseases can KILL!
Ticks travel on mice!
ALWAYS Get Ticks Tested!
Lyme Disease Foundation
Lyme
rashes have been
mistaken for ring worm!
mistaken for ring worm!
Ticks
travel on birds!
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